4/6/2023 0 Comments Smith chart tool![]() A guessing game for quarter-wavelength transformer. Interactive transmission line computer program for undergraduate teaching. Analytical studies supplementing the Smith Chart. ![]() Electronic Applications of the Smith Chart McGraw-Hill Book Company: New York, NY, USA, 1969. The authors declare no conflict of interest. Described in References, the 3D Smith chart has its roots in the group theory of inversive geometry where the point at infinity seen as a pole on a sphere plays a key role. The reason for seeking a 3D embedded generalization was motivated by the aspiration to have a single compact chart proper for dealing with negative resistance impedances without distorting the circular shapes of the Smith chart, thus keeping its properties. The 3D Smith chart representation using the Riemann sphere and the circle conserving property of Mobius transformations on it lead to the creation of the first 3D Smith chart tool which combines the design of active and passive components on the unit sphere. However, the Smith chart and the negative Smith chart cannot be used in a unitary way in the same time since the scales used are different. These loads appear in active circuits exhibiting negative resistance or in circuits with complex characteristic impedance and can be represented in 2D by constructing an additional reciprocal negative Smith chart. But it also has some disadvantages, such as that loads with voltage reflection coefficient magnitude exceeding unity cannot be represented in a practical compact size. The Smith chart is bounded within the unit circle of the reflection coefficient’s plane and provides by its practical size an excellent visual approach of the microwave problems. ![]() Starting the last decades of the 20 century it became used widely in major computer aided design CAD/testing tools as add on but also as a key part in stand-alone tools. Smith in 1939 and further developed by the same author throughout the years before becoming an icon of high frequency engineering. The 2D Smith chart, one of the most helpful and recognized microwave engineering tools, was proposed by Philip H.
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